Bibliography
of experimental data
34 publications with experimental cross-section data were identified in the literature in the considered energy range (25- 1000 MeV) and are represented with uncertainties in Fig. of "All data" link. The list of related references given below is accompanied with additional information. The results of 12 studies were deselected and not considered for further analysis; the reason for deselecting is indicated in parentheses after the reference item. Selected experimental data are presented in Fig. of "Selected" link. The recommended values and the uncertainty of the fitting procedure are in the figure under the link of "Recommended".
Yields were calculated from the recommended cross sections.
[33] R. E. Batzel, and G.H. Coleman,
Cross sections for the
formation of 22Na from aluminum and magnesium bombarded with protons,
Phys. Rev. 93, 280
(1954); EXFOR D4101.
[34] R. Bodeman, H. Busemann, M. Gloris, I. Leya, R. Michel, T. Schiekel, U.
Herpers, B. Holmqvist, H. Condé, P. Malmborg, B. Dittrich-Hannen, and M. Suter,
New measurements of the
monitor reactions 27Al(p,x)7Be, 27Al(p,3p3n)22Na,
27Al(p,3pn)24Na and 65Cu(p,n)65Zn,
Progress report on
nuclear data research in the Federal republic of Germany, ed. Qaim S.M., Report
NEA/NSC/DOC(95)10 and INDC(GER)-040 (IAEA, Vienna, 1995); EXFOR O0282; contains
part of the data.
[35] E. Z. Buthelezi, F. M. Nortier, and I. W. Schroeder,
Excitation functions for
the production of 82Sr by proton bombardment of natRb at energies up to 100 MeV
Appl. Radiat. Isot. 64,
915-924 (2006).
[36] J. E. Cline, and E. B. Nieschmidt,
Measurements of
spallation cross sections for 590 MeV protons on thin targets of copper,
nickel, iron and aluminum
Nucl. Phys. A169, 437-448
(1971).
[37] J. B. Cumming,
Absolute cross section
for the 12(p,pn)11C reaction at 50 MeV
Nucl. Phys. 49 , 417
(1963); EXFOR B0095.
[38] B. Dittrich, U. Herpers, R Bodemann, M. Luepke, R. Michel, P. Signer,
R. Wieler, H. Hofmann, and W. Woelfi,
Production of Short- And
Medium-Lived Radionuclides by Proton-Induced Spallation Between 800 and 2600
MeV
Report from CEC-Countries
and CEC to NEANDC No.312,U, p.46 (1990) and Radioch. Act. 50, 11-18 (1990);
EXFOR A0478.
[39] M. Furukawa, S. Kume, and S. K. Ogawa,
Excitation functions for
the formation of 7Be and 22Na in proton induced reactions on 27Al,
Nucl. Phys. 69, 362
(1965); EXFOR P0016.
[40] H. R. Heydegger, A. L. Turkevich, A. Van Ginneken, and P. H. Walpole,
Production of 7Be,
22Na and 28Mg from Mg, Al and SiO2 by protons
between 82 and 800 MeV,
Phys. Rev. C14, 1506
(1976); EXFOR O0501.
[41] M. U. Khandaker, K. Kim, M. W. Lee, K. S. Kim, and G. N. Kim,
Excitation functions for
the 27Al(p,x)22;24Na nuclear reactions up to 40 MeV,
J. Kor. Phys. Soc. 59, 1821-1824 (2011).
[42] M. C. Lagunas-Solar, O. F.
Carvacho, and R. R. Cima,
Cyclotron production of
PET radionuclides: 18F (109.77 min; b+ 96.9%; EC 3.1%) from high-energy protons on metallic
aluminium targets,
Appl. Radiat. Isot. 39,
41 (1988); EXFOR A0445.
[43] M. Lefort and X. Tarrago,
Emission of alpha
particles from the spallation of bismuth by protons of 240 to 600 MeV,
Nucl. Phys. 46, 161
(1963).
[44] L. Marquez, and I. Perlman, Observations on lithium and beryllium
nuclei ejected from heavy nuclei by high energy particles,
Phys. Rev. 81, 953
(1951).
[45] L. Marquez,
The yield of 18F from
medium and heavy elements with 420 MeV protons,
Phys. Rev. 86, 405
(1952).
[46] R. Michel, G. Brinkman, and W. Herr,
Integral excitation
functions for p-induced reactions,
Report INDC(GER)-21/L, 68
(IAEA, Vienna, 1979); EXFOR A0151.
[47] R. Michel, M. Gloris, H.-J. Lange, I. Leya, M. Lüpke, U. Herpers, B.
Dittrich-Hannen, R. Rosel, Th. Schiekel, D. Filges, P.
Dragovitsch, M. Suter, H.-J. Hofmann, W. Wölfli, P. W. Kubik, H. Baur, and R.
Wieler,
Nuclide production by
proton-induced reactions on elements (6 < Z < 29) in the energy range
from 800 to 2600 MeV,
Nucl. Inst. Meth. &
Phys. Res. B103, 183 (1995); EXFOR O0277.
[48] R. Michel, R. Bodemann, H. Busemann, R. Daunke, M. Gloris, L. H. Lange,
B. Klug , A. Krins ,I. Leya, M. Lüpke, S. Neumann, H. Reinhardt, M.
Schnatz-Büttgen, U. Herpers,Th. Schiekel, F. Sudbrock, B. Holmqvist, H. Condé,
P. Malmborg, M. Suter, B. Dittrich-Hannen, P. W. Kubik, H. A. Synal, and D.
Filges,
Cross sections for the
production of residual nuclides by low- and medium energy protons from the
target elements C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Y, Zr,
Nb, Ba, and Au,
Nucl. Inst. Meth. & Phys.
Res. B129, 153 (1997); EXFOR O0276.
[49] G. L. Morgan, K. R. Alrick, A. Saunders, F. C. Cverna, N. S. P. King,
F. E. Merrill, L. S. Waters, A. L. Hanson , G. A. Greene, R. P. Liljestrand, R.
T. Thompson, and E. A. Henry,
Total cross sections for the
production of 22Na and 24Na in proton-induced reactions
on 27Al from 0.40 to 22.4 GeV,
Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys.
Res. B211, 297-304 (2003).
[50] Th. Schiekel, F. Sudbrock, U. Herpers, M. Gloris, H.- J. Lange, I.
Leya, R. Michel, B. Dittrich-Hannen, H.-A. Synal, M. Suter, P. W. Kubik, M.
Blann, and D. Filges,
Nuclide Production by
Proton-Induced Reactions on Elements (6 ≤ Z ≤ 29) in the Energy
Range from 200 MeV to 400 MeV,
Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys.
Res. B114, 91-119 (1996); EXFOR O0284.
[51] J. M. Sisterson, K. Kim, A. Beverding, P. A. J. Englert, M. W. Caffee,
J. Vincent, C. Casteneda, and R. C. Reedy,
Measuring excitation
functions needed to interpret cosmogenic nuclide production in lunar rocks,
Proc. of the 14th
International Conference Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry,
Denton, Texas November 1996, Eds: J. L. Duggan and I. L. Morgan (Woodbury, New
York, 1996), p 811.
[52] G. F. Steyn, S. J. Mills, F. M. Nortier, B. R. S. Simpson, and B. R.
Meyer,
Production of 52Fe
via proton-induced reaction on manganese and nickel,
Appl. Radiat. Isot. 41,
315 (1990); EXFOR A0497.
[53] T. N. Taddeucci, J. Ullmann, L. J. Rybarcyk, and G. W. Butler,
Total cross sections for
production of 7Be, 22Na, and 24Na in p+7Li
and p+27Al reactions at 495 and 795 MeV,
Phys. Rev. 55, 1551-1554
(1997); EXFOR O0985.
[54] Yu.E. Titarenko, O.V. Shvedov, V.F. Batyaev, E.I. Karpikhin, V.M.
Zhivun, A.B. Koldobsky, R.D. Mulambetov, A.N. Sosin, Yu.N. Shubin, A.V.
Ignatyuk, V.P. Lunev, S.G. Mashnik, R.E. Prael, T.A. Gabriel, and M. Blann,
Experimental and
theoretical study of the yields of radioactive product nuclei in Tc-99 thin
targets irradiated with 100-2600 MeV protons", USSR report to the INDC
No.434, 88 (2003). See also Yu. E.
Titarenko, O. V. Shvedov, M. M. Igumnov, S. G. Mashnik, E. I. Karpikhin, V. D.
Kazaritsky, V.F. Batyaev, A.B. Koldobsky, V. M. Zhivun, A. N. Sosnin, R. E.
Prael, M. B. Chadwick, T. A. Gabriel, and M. Blann,
Experimental and Computer
Simulation Study of the Radionuclides Produced in Thin 209Bi Targets
by 130 MeV and 1.5 GeV Proton-Induced Reactions",
Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys.
Res. A414, 73 (1998).
[55] M. S. Uddin, M. Hagiwara, F. Tarkanyi, F. Ditroi, and M. Baba,
Experimental studies on
the proton-induced activation reactions of molybdenum in the energy range 22-67
MeV,
Appl. Radiat. Isot. 60,
911 (2004); EXFOR E1894.
[56] V.N. Aleksandrov, M.P.
Semenova, and V.G. Semenova,
Cross section of
radionuclide production in the (p,x) reactions of Al and Si,
Atom. Energy 64, 445
(1988); EXFOR A0340.
Deselected:
data are systematically too low
[57] C. Brun, M. Lefort, and X. Tarrago,
Détermination des intensités de faisceaux de protons de 40 a 150 MeV,
J. Phys. et le Radium 23, 371 (1962).
Data are from Ref. J. Tobailem, C.-H. de Lassus St-Genies, and
L. Leveque,
Sections e caces des reactions nucleaires induites par protons, deutons,
particules alpha. I reactions nucleaires
moniteurs", Note CEA-N-1-1466(1), CEA, France, (1971); EXFOR D0128.
Deselected:
no numerical values available, data high and scattered
[58] H. Gauvin, M. Lefort, and X. Torongo,
Emission d helions dans les reactions de spallation,
Nucl. Phys. 39, 447
(1962); EXFOR C0394.
Deselected:
data systematically shifted to
higher energy
[59] A. Grütter,
Excitation functions for
radioactive isotopes produced by proton bombardment of Cu and Al the energy
range of 16 to 70 MeV,
Nucl. Phys. A383, 98
(1982); EXFOR A0178.
Deselected:
data systematically too low
[60] N. M. Hintz, and N. F. Ramsey,
Excitation functions to
100 MeV,
Phys. Rev. 88, 19 (1952);
EXFOR B0076.
Deselected:
data too high
[61] R. G. Korteling, and A. A. Caretto,
Energy dependence of 22Na
and 24Na production cross sections with 100-400 MeV protons,
Phys. Rev. C1, 1960
(1970); EXFOR C0253.
Deselected:
too low data
[62] K. Miyano,
The 7Be, 22Na
and 24Na production cross sections with 22-52 MeV protons on 27Al,
J. Phys. Soc. Japan 34,
853 (1973); EXFOR O0449.
Deselected:
no numerical data available
[63] P. Pulfer,
Determination of absolute
production cross sections for proton induced reactions in the energy range 15
to 72 MeV and at 1820 MeV,
thesis (1979),
unpublished; EXFOR D0053.
Deselected:
data systematically low and scattered
[64] Yu. E. Titarenko, S.P. Borovlev, M. A.Butko, V.M. Zhivun, K.V. Pavlov,
V.I. Rogov, A.Yu. Titarenko, R.S. Tikhonov, S.N. Florya, and A.B. Koldobskiy,
Cross section of 27Al(p,x)24Na,
27Al(p,x)22Na, 27Al(p,x)7Be monitor
reaction at proton energies 0.04-2.6 GeV,
Yad. Fiz. 74, 531 (2011);
EXFOR O0900.
Deselected:
unexplained wide spread of data
[65] J. R.Walton, D. Heymann, and A. Yaniv,
Cross sections for He and
Ne isotopes in natural Mg, Al , and Si, He isotopes in CaF2, Ar
isotopes in natural Al, Si, Ti, Cr and stainless steel induced by 12 to 45 MeV
protons,
J. Geophys. Res 81, 5689 (1976); EXFOR O0350.
Deselected:
data systematically too low
[66] I. R. Williams, and C. B. Fulmer,
Excitation functions for
radioactive isotopes produced by protons below 60 MeV on Al, Fe and Cu,
Phys. Rev. 162, 1055
(1967); EXFOR B0073.
Deselected:
no numerical data available
[67] M. Lupke, H.J. Lange, M. Schnatz-Buttgen, R. Michel, R. Rosel, U.
Herpers, P. Cloth, D. Filger,
Proton-spallation at 1600
MeV,
Fed. Rep. Germ. report to
the I.N.D.C. No.037/LN, 50 (1993); EXFOR A0519.
Deselected:
out of the investigated energy intervals
[68] W. A. Vukolov, and F. E. Chukreev,
Estimated values of
reaction cross section used at proton flux monitoring in nuclear spectroscopy
and nuclear structure,
Yad. spektr. i struktura
atomnogo yadra , Tezisy dokladov INIS-US-68 (INISSU68) 560 (1988).
Deselected:
values too high
Updated: Aug. 2017.