Bibliography
of experimental data
38 publications with experimental data up to 1000 MeV were identified in the literature, including 13 references that had data points only above 200 MeV. The remaining 25 sets are represented with uncertainties in Fig. of "All data" link. The list of related references given below is accompanied with additional information. The results of 12 studies were deselected and not considered for further analysis; the reason for deselecting is indicated in parentheses after the reference item. Selected experimental data are presented in Fig. of "Selected" link. The recommended values and the uncertainty of the fitting procedure are in the figure under the link of "Recommended".
Yields were calculated from the recommended cross sections.
[34 R. Bodeman, H. Busemann,M.
Gloris, I. Leya, R. Michel,
T. Schiekel, U. Herpers, B.
Holmqvist, H. Condé, P. Malmborg,
B. Dittrich-Hannen, and M. Suter,
New Measurements of the
Monitor Reactions 27Al(p,x)7Be,
27Al(p,3p3n)22Na, 27Al(p,3pn)24Na
and 65Cu(p,n)65Zn,
Progress Report on
Nuclear Data Research in the Federal republic of Germany, ed. S.M. Qaim, Report NEA/NSC/DOC(95)10 and
INDC(GER)-040 (IAEA, Vienna, 1995); EXFOR O0282; contains part of the data.
Deselected:
data too high and scattered
[37] J.B. Cumming,
Absolute Cross Section
for the 12C(p,pn)11C
Reaction at 50 MeV,
Nucl. Phys. 49, 417–423 (1963); EXFOR B0095.
[41] M. U. Khandaker,
K. Kim, M. W. Lee, K. S. Kim, and G. N. Kim,
Excitation functions for
the 27Al(p,x)22;24Na
nuclear reactions up to 40 MeV,
J. Kor. Phys. Soc. 59,
1821-1824 (2011).
[42] M.C. Lagunas-Solar, O.F.
Carvacho, and R.R. Cima,
Cyclotron Production of
PET Radionucleides: 18F (109.77 min; b+ 96.9%; EC 3.1%) from High-energy Protons on Metallic Aluminium Targets,
Appl. Radiat.
Isot.
39, 41–47 (1988); EXFOR A0445.
Deselected:
strange shape of the excitation curve
[48] R. Michel, R. Bodemann, H. Busemann, R. Daunke, M. Gloris, L.H. Lange, B. Klug, A. Krins,
I. Leya, M.Lüpke, S.
Neumann, H. Reinhardt, M. Schnatz-Büttgen, U. Herpers, Th. Schiekel, F. Sudbrock, B. Holmqvist, H. Condé,
P. Malmborg, M. Suter, B. Dittrich-Hannen, P.W. Kubik, H.A.
Synal, and D. Filges,
Cross Sections for the
Production of Residual Nuclides by Low- and Medium energy Protons from the
Target Elements C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Mn,
Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr,Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, and Au,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B129, 153–193 (1997); EXFOR O0276.
[54] Yu.E. Titarenko, O.V. Shvedov,
V.F. Batyaev, E.I. Karpikhin,
V.M. Zhivun, A.B. Koldobsky,
R.D. Mulambetov, A.N. Sosin,
Yu.N. Shubin, A.V. Ignatyuk, V.P. Lunev, S.G. Mashnik, R.E. Prael, T.A.
Gabriel, and M. Blann,
Experimental and
theoretical study of the yields of radioactive product nuclei in Tc-99 thin
targets irradiated with 100-2600 MeV protons",
USSR report to the INDC No.434, 88 (2003). See also Yu. E. Titarenko, O. V. Shvedov,
M. M. Igumnov, S. G. Mashnik,
E. I. Karpikhin, V. D. Kazaritsky,
V.F. Batyaev, A.B. Koldobsky,
V. M. Zhivun, A. N. Sosnin,
R. E. Prael, M. B. Chadwick, T. A. Gabriel, and M. Blann,
Experimental and Computer
Simulation Study of the Radionuclides Produced in Thin 209Bi Targets
by 130 MeV and 1.5 GeV
Proton-Induced Reactions",
Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res. A414, 73 (1998).
Deselected:
contamination with secondary neutrons suspected
[55] M.S. Uddin, M. Hagiwara, F.
T´ark´anyi, F. Ditr´oi, and M. Baba,
Experimental Studies on
the Proton-induced Activation Reactions of Molybdenum in the Energy Range 22-67
MeV
Appl. Radiat.
Isot.
60, 911–920 (2004); EXFOR E1894.
[57] C. Brun, M. Lefort,
and X. Tarrago,
D´etermination des Intensit´es de Faisceaux de Protons de 40 a 150 MeV,
J.
Phys. Radium 23, 371–377 (1962). Data from Ref. [338].
Deselected:
no numerical values available in reference, data high and scattered
[58] H. Gauvin,M. Lefort, and X. Torongo,
Emission de ions He dans les Reactions de Spallation
Nucl. Phys. 39, 447 (1962); EXFOR C0394.
Deselected:
data systematically shifted to higher energy
[59] A. Grütter,
Excitation Functions for
Radioactive Isotopes Produced by Proton Bombardment of Cu and Al in the Energy
Range of 16 to 70 MeV
Nucl. Phys. A383, 98–108 (1982); EXFOR A0178.
[60] N.M. Hintz, and N.F. Ramsey,
Excitation Functions to
100 MeV
Phys. Rev.
88, 19 (1952); EXFOR B0076.
Deselected:
data too high, internal targets
[62] K. Miyano,
The 7Be, 22Na
and 24Na Production Cross Sections with 22-52 MeV
Protons on 27Al
J.
Phys. Soc. Japan 34, 853–856 (1973); EXFOR O0449.
[63] P. Pulfer,
Determination of Absolute
Production Cross Sections for Proton Induced Reactions in the Energy Range 15
to 72 MeV and at 1820 MeV
thesis (1979),
unpublished; EXFOR D0053.
[64] Yu.E. Titarenko, S.P. Borovlev,
M.A. Butko, V.M. Zhivun,
K.V. Pavlov, V.I. Rogov, A.Yu.
Titarenko, R.S. Tikhonov,
S.N. Florya, and A.B. Koldobskiy,
Cross Section of 27Al(p,x)24Na,
27Al(p,x)22Na, 27Al(p,x)7Be Monitor Reaction at Proton Energies
0.04-2.6 GeV
Phys. At. Nuclei 74, 507–522 (2011).
Deselected:
unexplained wide spread,
contamination with secondary neutrons suspected
[66] I.R. Williams, and C.B. Fulmer,
Excitation Functions for
Radioactive Isotopes Produced by Protons Below 60 MeV on Al, Fe and Cu,
Phys.
Rev.162, 1055 (1967); EXFOR B0073.
[69] R.S. Gilbert,
private communication in Ref. [70]. Data
described as excluded on IAEA webpage because the maximal cross
sections are in good agreement with the values of the selected group but their
values seem to be shifted to higher energies. However, data are plotted in the
tab labeled selected (see wwwnds.iaea.org/medical/alp24na0.html)
Deselected:
only one data point, too low
[70] H.G. Hicks, P.C. Stevenson, and W.C. Nervik,
Reaction 27Al(p,3pn)24Na
Phys. Rev.
102, 1390 (1956). Data from J. Tobailem, C.-H. de Lassus St-Genies, and L.
Leveque, Sections Efficaces des
Reactions Nucleaires Induites par Protons, Deutons, Particules Alpha. I Reactions Nucleaires Moniteurs Note CEA-N-1-1466(1), CEA, France, (1971).
Deselected:
scale shifted to higher energy
[71] J.J. Hogan, E. Gadioli,
Production of 24Na
from 27Al by 35-100 MeV Protons
Nuovo Cim. A45, 341–350 (1978); EXFOR B0131.
Deselected:
systematically low and shifted to
higher energy
[72] R. Holub, M. Fowler, L. Yaffe,
and A. Zeller,
Formation of 24Na
in Fission-Like Reactions
Nucl. Phys. A288, 291–300 (1977); EXFOR T0128.
Deselected:
too high values, shape near maximum strange
[73] S. Meghir,
Excitation Functions of
Some Monitor Reactions,
thesis, McGill
University, Canada, 1962, reported in J.H. Davies, and L. Yaffe,
Can. J. Phys. 41, 762–783 (1963); EXFOR B0016.
Deselected:
too high, strange shape
[74] Y.E. Titarenko, V.F. Batyaev,
R.D. Mulambetov, V.M. Zhivun,
V.S. Barashenkov, S.G. Mashnik,
Y.N. Shubin, and A.V. Ignatyuk,
Excitation Functions of
Product Nuclei from 40 to 2600 MeV Proton irradiated 206,207,208,natPb
and 209Bi,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A562, 801–805 (2006); EXFOR O1728.
Deselected:
contamination with secondary neutrons suspected
[75] R. Michel, R. Stueck, and F. Peiffer,
Proton-induced Reaction
on Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni
Nucl. Phys. A441, 617–659 (1985); EXFOR A0100013.
[76] A.G.C. Nair, S.S. Rattan, A. Ramaswami, R.J.
Singh, and R.H. Iyer,
Proton induced fission of
243Am at 17.8 MeV: Formation Cross Section
for the Fission Products,
36th Symp. Nucl. Phys., 27-30 December 1993, Calicut,India, 188 (1993); EXFOR D6156.
[77] R.J. Schneider, J.M. Sisterson, A.M. Koehler, J. Klein, and R. Middleton,
Measurement of Cross
Sections for Aluminium-26 and Sodium-24 Induced by Protons in Aluminium
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B29, 271–274 1987); EXFOR C0199.
[78] H. Yule, A. Turkevich,
Radiochemical Studies of
the (p,pn) Reaction in
Complex Nuclei in the 80–450 MeV Range,
Phys. Rev. 118, 1591 (1960).
Updated: Aug. 2017.