ENTRY            14088   20210630                             14881408800000001 
SUBENT        14088001   20210630                             14881408800100001 
BIB                 11         80                                 1408800100002 
TITLE      Thermal neutron irradiation of Uranium-235, bromine,   1408800100003 
           iodine in presence of organic liquid                   1408800100004 
AUTHOR     (M.P.Tsoukatos)                                        1408800100005 
REFERENCE  (T,TSOUKATOS,1967) Primary reference.                  1408800100006 
           (J,DA/B,28,2759,1968) Abstract only.                   1408800100007 
REL-REF    (O,23561002,H.O.Denschlag,J,JIN,31,1873,1969) I data.  1408800100008 
INSTITUTE  (1USAMHG)                                              1408800100009 
FACILITY   (REAC,1USAMHG) Nuclear Reactor at Phoenix Lab.         1408800100010 
INC-SOURCE (REAC) The neutron flux was 2*10**12 neutron/cm2/sec.  1408800100011 
SAMPLE     (92-U-235,ENR=0.90) Uranyl Nitrate + organic Liquid.   1408800100012 
           Uranyl nitrate was irradiated either "suspended" in    1408800100013 
           n-C5H12 or dissolved in pure tertiary butyl alcohol    1408800100014 
            (henceforth TBA) or in a mixture of TBA+CH30H (3:1).  1408800100015 
           The amount of uranyl nitrate irradiated was            1408800100016 
           determined by weight. Irradiations were run using      1408800100017 
           both natural uranyl nitrate (0.715% U-235) and         1408800100018 
           enriched (90% U-235). For the former 10-30 mg uranyl   1408800100019 
           nitrate were irradiated for 3-5 min., and for the      1408800100020 
           latter 1-3 mg for 5-10 sec. The samples were           1408800100021 
           irradiated in a small (1.4 ml) polyethylene snap-cap   1408800100022 
           vial.                                                  1408800100023 
DETECTOR   (NAICR,GELI) Gamma-ray spectra were obtained by using  1408800100024 
           either a 3"x3" NaI detector, or a Ge-Li detector.      1408800100025 
METHOD     (CHSEP) Research has been done to determine the        1408800100026 
           independent fission yields of short-lived fission      1408800100027 
           nuclides or of fission nuclides with short-lived       1408800100028 
           precursors. By irradiating uranium in the presence of  1408800100029 
           an organic liquid the recoil fission nuclides should   1408800100030 
           react with the organic molecules to form stable        1408800100031 
           organic products. Because a fission product recoil     1408800100032 
           energy is typically about 70-100 MeV, it would be      1408800100033 
           expected to react with the organic liquid to the same  1408800100034 
           extent and result in the same organic products as      1408800100035 
           nuclides of the same element activated by the          1408800100036 
            (n,gamma) process. The recoil atoms formed by beta    1408800100037 
           decay, on the other hand, should be less reactive in   1408800100038 
           forming organic products due to the significantly      1408800100039 
           smaller recoil energy which typically would be about   1408800100040 
           1-2 eV. What is of importance is that the chemical     1408800100041 
           reaction would take place during the neutron           1408800100042 
           irradiation. Thus, the typical post-irradiation        1408800100043 
           chemical separation, and the time it would take to     1408800100044 
           perform such an operation, would be avoided            1408800100045 
           completely. However, following the irradiation, the    1408800100046 
           organically bound fission products must still be       1408800100047 
           separated from the precursor nuclides. But the         1408800100048 
           separation method to be used can instead be based on   1408800100049 
           physical rather than chemical properties of the        1408800100050 
           chemically bound nuclides. Specifically, gas           1408800100051 
           chromatography separations should be feasible. This    1408800100052 
           type of separation method has a number of              1408800100053 
           particularly important advantages. Consider the case   1408800100054 
           where it is of interest to examine specific fission    1408800100055 
           bromine nuclides. In this case the hot atom reactions  1408800100056 
           which would occur in organic liquids would probably    1408800100057 
           be experimentally favorable in that a larger           1408800100058 
           percentage of the bromine nuclides would form.         1408800100059 
           organic compounds than would selenium nuclides.        1408800100060 
           Further, any bromine formed from selenium beta-decay   1408800100061 
           would react to form organically-bound bromides. To     1408800100062 
           inhibit these latter reactions it is desirable to      1408800100063 
           separate the organic bromides from the selenium as     1408800100064 
           quickly as possible. Described in this thesis is a     1408800100065 
           semi-automatic injection method devised to permit      1408800100066 
           separation of the inorganic and organic fractions      1408800100067 
           within a few seconds after the end of the neutron      1408800100068 
           irradiation. The organic fraction is then carried by   1408800100069 
           helium flow gas to the gas chromatography column       1408800100070 
           where separation of the organic compounds begins to    1408800100071 
           occur. This latter separation procedure permits the    1408800100072 
           isolation of individual chemical compounds containing  1408800100073 
           in each compound all fission nuclides of the element   1408800100074 
           characterizing the compound.                           1408800100075 
HISTORY    (20051230C) DR                                         1408800100076 
           (20110531A) OS. Author's initials, title and status    1408800100077 
            modified.                                             1408800100078 
           (20210630A) BP: Updated REFERENCE, corrected FACILITY  1408800100079 
                       location, SAMPLE, DETECTOR and INC-SOURCE, 1408800100080 
                       added METHOD and REL-REF, included actual  1408800100081 
                       thesis data.                               1408800100082 
ENDBIB              80          0                                 1408800100083 
COMMON               1          3                                 1408800100084 
EN                                                                1408800100085 
EV                                                                1408800100086 
     0.0253                                                       1408800100087 
ENDCOMMON            3          0                                 1408800100088 
ENDSUBENT           87          0                                 1408800199999 
SUBENT        14088002   20210630                             14881408800200001 
BIB                  4          9                                 1408800200002 
REACTION   (92-U-235(N,F)ELEM/MASS,IND,FY,,FRC)                   1408800200003 
DECAY-DATA ((1.)34-SE-81-M,61.0MIN,B-)                            1408800200004 
           ((2.)34-SE-83-M,69.0SEC,B-)                            1408800200005 
           ((3.)34-SE-84,3.3MIN,B-)                               1408800200006 
           ((4.)34-SE-85,39.0SEC,B-)                              1408800200007 
           ((5.)34-SE-86,16.0SEC,B-)                              1408800200008 
STATUS     (TABLE) Table 16, page 56 of the thesis.               1408800200009 
HISTORY    (20210630A) BP: Replaced the University of Illinois    1408800200010 
           data with the thesis data.                             1408800200011 
ENDBIB               9          0                                 1408800200012 
NOCOMMON             0          0                                 1408800200013 
DATA                 5          5                                 1408800200014 
ELEMENT    MASS       ISOMER     DATA       DECAY-FLAG            1408800200015 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM                1408800200016 
       34.0       81.0        1.0     0.0088         1.           1408800200017 
       34.0       83.0        1.0     0.1473         2.           1408800200018 
       34.0       84.0                0.3437         3.           1408800200019 
       34.0       85.0                0.5502         4.           1408800200020 
       34.0       86.0                0.6045         5.           1408800200021 
ENDDATA              7          0                                 1408800200022 
ENDSUBENT           21          0                                 1408800299999 
SUBENT        14088003   20210630                             14881408800300001 
BIB                  8         15                                 1408800300002 
REACTION   (92-U-235(N,F)ELEM/MASS,IND,FY,,FRC)                   1408800300003 
MONIT-REF  ((MONIT)13097001,A.C.Wahl+,J,PR,126,1112,1962) 134I    1408800300004 
           data.                                                  1408800300005 
METHOD     CH3I-H2O phase, Exp. 347.                              1408800300006 
ERR-ANALYS (DATA-ERR) Experimental errors. The uncertainty in     1408800300007 
           these calculated values arise from the uncertainties   1408800300008 
           in the activity data as well as the uncertainty in     1408800300009 
           the 134I fractional chain yield used as monitor.       1408800300010 
MONITOR    (92-U-235(N,F)53-I-134,IND,FY,,FRC/MXW)                1408800300011 
DECAY-DATA ((1.)53-I-131,8.05D,B-)                                1408800300012 
           ((2.)53-I-133-G,20.8HR,B-)                             1408800300013 
           ((3.)53-I-135,6.75HR,B-)                               1408800300014 
STATUS     (TABLE) Table 26, page 94.                             1408800300015 
HISTORY    (20210630A) BP: Replaced the University of Illinois    1408800300016 
           data with the thesis data.                             1408800300017 
ENDBIB              15          0                                 1408800300018 
COMMON               2          3                                 1408800300019 
MONIT      MONIT-ERR                                              1408800300020 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM                                                 1408800300021 
       0.12       0.02                                            1408800300022 
ENDCOMMON            3          0                                 1408800300023 
DATA                 5          3                                 1408800300024 
ELEMENT    MASS       DATA       DATA-ERR   DECAY-FLAG            1408800300025 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM                1408800300026 
       53.0      131.0     0.0048     0.0022         1.           1408800300027 
       53.0      133.0      0.052      0.014         2.           1408800300028 
       53.0      135.0       0.65       0.25         3.           1408800300029 
ENDDATA              5          0                                 1408800300030 
ENDSUBENT           29          0                                 1408800399999 
SUBENT        14088004   20210630                             14881408800400001 
BIB                  8         14                                 1408800400002 
REACTION   (92-U-235(N,F)ELEM/MASS,IND,FY,,FRC)                   1408800400003 
MONIT-REF  ((MONIT)13097001,A.C.Wahl+,J,PR,126,1112,1962) 134I    1408800400004 
           data.                                                  1408800400005 
METHOD     CH3I-CHCl3 phase, Exp. 347.                            1408800400006 
ERR-ANALYS (DATA-ERR) Experimental errors. The uncertainty in     1408800400007 
           these calculated values arise from the uncertainties   1408800400008 
           in the activity data as well as the uncertainty in     1408800400009 
           the 134I fractional chain yield used as monitor.       1408800400010 
MONITOR    (92-U-235(N,F)53-I-134,IND,FY,,FRC/MXW)                1408800400011 
DECAY-DATA ((1.)53-I-131,8.05D,B-)                                1408800400012 
           ((2.)53-I-133-G,20.8HR,B-)                             1408800400013 
           ((3.)53-I-135,6.75HR,B-)                               1408800400014 
STATUS     (TABLE) Table 26, page 94.                             1408800400015 
HISTORY    (20210630A) BP                                         1408800400016 
ENDBIB              14          0                                 1408800400017 
COMMON               2          3                                 1408800400018 
MONIT      MONIT-ERR                                              1408800400019 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM                                                 1408800400020 
       0.12       0.02                                            1408800400021 
ENDCOMMON            3          0                                 1408800400022 
DATA                 5          3                                 1408800400023 
ELEMENT    MASS       DATA       DATA-ERR   DECAY-FLAG            1408800400024 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM                1408800400025 
       53.0      131.0     0.0050     0.0023         1.           1408800400026 
       53.0      133.0      0.052      0.015         2.           1408800400027 
       53.0      135.0       0.84       0.23         3.           1408800400028 
ENDDATA              5          0                                 1408800400029 
ENDSUBENT           28          0                                 1408800499999 
SUBENT        14088005   20210630                             14881408800500001 
BIB                  8         14                                 1408800500002 
REACTION   (92-U-235(N,F)ELEM/MASS,IND,FY,,FRC)                   1408800500003 
MONIT-REF  ((MONIT)13097001,A.C.Wahl+,J,PR,126,1112,1962) 134I    1408800500004 
           data.                                                  1408800500005 
METHOD     CH3I-H2O phase, Exp. 349.                              1408800500006 
ERR-ANALYS (DATA-ERR) Experimental errors. The uncertainty in     1408800500007 
           these calculated values arise from the uncertainties   1408800500008 
           in the activity data as well as the uncertainty in     1408800500009 
           the 134I fractional chain yield used as monitor.       1408800500010 
MONITOR    (92-U-235(N,F)53-I-134,IND,FY,,FRC/MXW)                1408800500011 
DECAY-DATA ((1.)53-I-131,8.05D,B-)                                1408800500012 
           ((2.)53-I-133-G,20.8HR,B-)                             1408800500013 
           ((3.)53-I-135,6.75HR,B-)                               1408800500014 
STATUS     (TABLE) Table 26, page 94.                             1408800500015 
HISTORY    (20210630A) BP                                         1408800500016 
ENDBIB              14          0                                 1408800500017 
COMMON               2          3                                 1408800500018 
MONIT      MONIT-ERR                                              1408800500019 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM                                                 1408800500020 
       0.12       0.02                                            1408800500021 
ENDCOMMON            3          0                                 1408800500022 
DATA                 5          3                                 1408800500023 
ELEMENT    MASS       DATA       DATA-ERR   DECAY-FLAG            1408800500024 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM                1408800500025 
       53.0      131.0     0.0050     0.0018         1.           1408800500026 
       53.0      133.0      0.051      0.015         2.           1408800500027 
       53.0      135.0       0.78       0.18         3.           1408800500028 
ENDDATA              5          0                                 1408800500029 
ENDSUBENT           28          0                                 1408800599999 
SUBENT        14088006   20210630                             14881408800600001 
BIB                  8         14                                 1408800600002 
REACTION   (92-U-235(N,F)ELEM/MASS,IND,FY,,FRC)                   1408800600003 
MONIT-REF  ((MONIT)13097001,A.C.Wahl+,J,PR,126,1112,1962) 134I    1408800600004 
           data.                                                  1408800600005 
METHOD     CH3I-CHCl3 phase, Exp. 349.                            1408800600006 
ERR-ANALYS (DATA-ERR) Experimental errors. The uncertainty in     1408800600007 
           these calculated values arise from the uncertainties   1408800600008 
           in the activity data as well as the uncertainty in     1408800600009 
           the 134I fractional chain yield used as monitor.       1408800600010 
MONITOR    (92-U-235(N,F)53-I-134,IND,FY,,FRC/MXW)                1408800600011 
DECAY-DATA ((1.)53-I-131,8.05D,B-)                                1408800600012 
           ((2.)53-I-133-G,20.8HR,B-)                             1408800600013 
           ((3.)53-I-135,6.75HR,B-)                               1408800600014 
STATUS     (TABLE) Table 26, page 94.                             1408800600015 
HISTORY    (20210630A) BP                                         1408800600016 
ENDBIB              14          0                                 1408800600017 
COMMON               2          3                                 1408800600018 
MONIT      MONIT-ERR                                              1408800600019 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM                                                 1408800600020 
       0.12       0.02                                            1408800600021 
ENDCOMMON            3          0                                 1408800600022 
DATA                 5          3                                 1408800600023 
ELEMENT    MASS       DATA       DATA-ERR   DECAY-FLAG            1408800600024 
NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM     NO-DIM                1408800600025 
       53.0      131.0     0.0050     0.0018         1.           1408800600026 
       53.0      133.0      0.047      0.015         2.           1408800600027 
       53.0      135.0       0.82       0.17         3.           1408800600028 
ENDDATA              5          0                                 1408800600029 
ENDSUBENT           28          0                                 1408800699999 
ENDENTRY             6          0                                 1408899999999