ENTRY O1284 20170419 O061O1284 0 1 SUBENT O1284001 20170419 O061O1284 1 1 BIB 15 79 O1284 1 2 TITLE Isobaric production cross sections from 0.6 GeV proton O1284 1 3 irradiation of neptunium and thorium using mass O1284 1 4 spectrometry O1284 1 5 AUTHOR (H.U.Wenger, A.Al Mazouzi, F.Atchison, M.Burghartz, O1284 1 6 R.Chawla, I.Gunther-Leopold, P.Heimgartner, Ch.Hellwig,O1284 1 7 F.Ingold, Z.Kopajtic, H.P.Linder) O1284 1 8 REFERENCE (J,NP/A,764,1,2006) O1284 1 9 REL-REF (N,,G.Ledergerber+,J,NT,114,194,1996). The wet O1284 1 10 fabrication route developed at PSI to form spherical O1284 1 11 fuel particles. O1284 1 12 (N,O0907001,H.U.Wenger+,J,ANE,26,141,1999) Previous O1284 1 13 results for natural uranium target. O1284 1 14 (R,,P.Marmy+,J,NIM/B,47,37,1990) Ring accelerator. O1284 1 15 INSTITUTE (2SWTPSI) O1284 1 16 (2SWTSWT) Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne. O1284 1 17 (2BLGMOL) O1284 1 18 SAMPLE The dense spherical ceramic particles of about 300 mum O1284 1 19 diameter. O1284 1 20 In the case of UO2 and ThO2, spherical particles of O1284 1 21 about 300 mum diameter were filled into the stainless O1284 1 22 steel target tubes, whereas for NpO2 large spheres wereO1284 1 23 first crushed to irregularly sized particles of O1284 1 24 90-300 mum. The 2.5 X 8 mm target tubes could thus O1284 1 25 contain about 150 mg of NpO2 particles, 240 mg of ThO2 O1284 1 26 and 250 mg of UO2 spheres, respectively. The targets O1284 1 27 were filled with helium and sealed. O1284 1 28 FACILITY (ACCEL,2SWTPSI) The PSI ring accelerator. O1284 1 29 (SPECM,2SWTPSI) Inductively coupled plasma mass O1284 1 30 spectrometer. O1284 1 31 MONITOR ((MONIT)13-AL-27(P,X)11-NA-22,CUM,SIG) O1284 1 32 The reference cross section is a weighted mean value ofO1284 1 33 the available experimental results in the energy rangeO1284 1 34 540-600 MeV. O1284 1 35 MONIT-REF (B0085001,J.E.Cline+,J,NP/A,169,437,1971) O1284 1 36 (,A.Grutter,J,ARI,33,725,1982) O1284 1 37 (,J.Tobailem,R,CEA-N-1466(5),103,1981) O1284 1 38 METHOD (EXTB,ACTIV) An irradiation head with three targets in O1284 1 39 series was used, which allowed the simultaneous O1284 1 40 irradiation of two actinide samples and an 27Al monitorO1284 1 41 rodlet, the targets themselves not affecting the protonO1284 1 42 beam significantly. O1284 1 43 COMMENT -By authors. High-fluence irradiations make it O1284 1 44 possible to produce enough fission and spallation O1284 1 45 products to use inductively coupled plasma mass O1284 1 46 spectrometry as the analytical technique. This method O1284 1 47 is the best for the measurement of isobaric production O1284 1 48 cross sections, since the cumulative isobaric mass O1284 1 49 yields in the beta-decay range, mass numbers <204, do O1284 1 50 not depend on time. O1284 1 51 CORRECTION For the correction of matrix effects, a known amount ofO1284 1 52 a thulium standard was added as an internal standard toO1284 1 53 all sample solutions. 169-Tm was selected as indicatorO1284 1 54 isotope since there was no detectable signal on mass O1284 1 55 169 in the concentrated solutions of both actinide O1284 1 56 targets. Thus, the possibility of interfering effectsO1284 1 57 with any fission product in this mass range could be O1284 1 58 excluded. O1284 1 59 Certain volatile and/or insoluble irradiation productsO1284 1 60 could not contribute to the measured mass yields and O1284 1 61 thus rendered the corresponding isobaric production O1284 1 62 cross sections too low. This was particularly the caseO1284 1 63 for several isotopes of the noble gases krypton and O1284 1 64 xenon, as well as for the insoluble oxides of palladiumO1284 1 65 and tin. The corresponding mass yields were upscaled O1284 1 66 by using calculated extrapolation factors, deduced by O1284 1 67 following a procedure similar to that used for resultsO1284 1 68 from gamma-spectrometry. The correction factor values O1284 1 69 were mostly in the range 1 to 3. For mass numbers 106,O1284 1 70 108, and 110, the insoluble oxides of palladium have O1284 1 71 dominant contributions, and the corresponding O1284 1 72 correction factors were between 3 and 6. O1284 1 73 ADD-RES (COMP) Codes FUSSPOT and HETC/RAL. The experimental O1284 1 74 Results are better predicted by the code FUSSPOT than O1284 1 75 by HETC/RAL. O1284 1 76 STATUS (TABLE) Data tables were received from H.U.Wenger O1284 1 77 HISTORY (20051216C) F.Ch O1284 1 78 (20060222R) Data tables were received from H.U.Wenger O1284 1 79 (20060302U) Last checking has been done. O1284 1 80 (20170419U) SD:Illegal blank deleted from author's listO1284 1 81 ENDBIB 79 0 O1284 1 82 COMMON 3 3 O1284 1 83 EN MONIT MONIT-ERR O1284 1 84 MEV MB MB O1284 1 85 590. 14.5 0.8 O1284 1 86 ENDCOMMON 3 0 O1284 1 87 ENDSUBENT 86 0 O1284 199999 SUBENT O1284002 20060302 O026O128400200001 BIB 4 15 O128400200002 REACTION (93-NP-237(P,F),,SIG) O128400200003 ANALYSIS The total fission cross sections for the target O128400200004 nuclides have been made by first least-squares fitting O128400200005 Gaussian bell-shaped curves to each set of mass O128400200006 spectrometric results over the fission hump and then O128400200007 numerically integrating the corresponding curves. O128400200008 STATUS (DEP,O1284004) O128400200009 ERR-ANALYS (ERR-T) The error in the experimental fission cross O128400200010 sections. The uncertainty includes: O128400200011 (ERR-1) The uncertainty of mass spectrometric O128400200012 measurements. O128400200013 (ERR-2) The uncertainty of 27Al(P,X)22Na cross sectionO128400200014 for fluence determination. O128400200015 (ERR-3) The uncertainty of least squares fitting O128400200016 procedure. O128400200017 ENDBIB 15 0 O128400200018 COMMON 3 3 O128400200019 ERR-1 ERR-2 ERR-3 O128400200020 PER-CENT PER-CENT PER-CENT O128400200021 10. 5. 3. O128400200022 ENDCOMMON 3 0 O128400200023 DATA 2 1 O128400200024 DATA ERR-T O128400200025 B B O128400200026 1.82 0.33 O128400200027 ENDDATA 3 0 O128400200028 ENDSUBENT 27 0 O128400299999 SUBENT O1284003 20060302 O026O128400300001 BIB 4 15 O128400300002 REACTION (90-TH-232(P,F),,SIG) O128400300003 ANALYSIS The total fission cross sections for the target O128400300004 nuclides have been made by first least-squares fitting O128400300005 Gaussian bell-shaped curves to each set of mass O128400300006 spectrometric results over the fission hump and then O128400300007 numerically integrating the corresponding curves. O128400300008 STATUS (DEP,O1284005) O128400300009 ERR-ANALYS (ERR-T) The error in the experimental fission cross O128400300010 sections. The uncertainty includes: O128400300011 (ERR-1) The uncertainty of mass spectrometric O128400300012 measurements. O128400300013 (ERR-2) The uncertainty of 27Al(P,X)22Na cross sectionO128400300014 for fluence determination. O128400300015 (ERR-3) The uncertainty of least squares fitting O128400300016 procedure. O128400300017 ENDBIB 15 0 O128400300018 COMMON 3 3 O128400300019 ERR-1 ERR-2 ERR-3 O128400300020 PER-CENT PER-CENT PER-CENT O128400300021 10. 5. 3. O128400300022 ENDCOMMON 3 0 O128400300023 DATA 2 1 O128400300024 DATA ERR-T O128400300025 B B O128400300026 0.889 0.16 O128400300027 ENDDATA 3 0 O128400300028 ENDSUBENT 27 0 O128400399999 SUBENT O1284004 20060302 O026O128400400001 BIB 2 2 O128400400002 REACTION (93-NP-237(P,X)MASS,,SIG) O128400400003 ERR-ANALYS (ERR-T) The overall error is estimated to be about 10%O128400400004 ENDBIB 2 0 O128400400005 COMMON 1 3 O128400400006 ERR-T O128400400007 PER-CENT O128400400008 10. O128400400009 ENDCOMMON 3 0 O128400400010 DATA 2 71 O128400400011 MASS DATA O128400400012 NO-DIM MB O128400400013 69. 7.4 O128400400014 70. 2.2 O128400400015 71. 3.3 O128400400016 72. 5.6 O128400400017 73. 5.2 O128400400018 74. 5.4 O128400400019 77. 8.2 O128400400020 82. 9.9 O128400400021 85. 44.5 O128400400022 86. 55.4 O128400400023 87. 61.8 O128400400024 88. 65.3 O128400400025 91. 53.4 O128400400026 93. 87.3 O128400400027 99. 88.9 O128400400028 101. 83.7 O128400400029 102. 80.2 O128400400030 103. 83.3 O128400400031 104. 64.2 O128400400032 106. 79.4 O128400400033 108. 26.8 O128400400034 109. 76. O128400400035 110. 48.8 O128400400036 111. 66.1 O128400400037 112. 65.9 O128400400038 113. 63.3 O128400400039 114. 67.6 O128400400040 115. 68.2 O128400400041 116. 53.9 O128400400042 117. 50.5 O128400400043 120. 42. O128400400044 121. 26. O128400400045 122. 24.1 O128400400046 123. 17.4 O128400400047 124. 19.7 O128400400048 125. 31.7 O128400400049 128. 23.1 O128400400050 130. 69.2 O128400400051 133. 52. O128400400052 134. 44.7 O128400400053 135. 44.1 O128400400054 136. 42.9 O128400400055 137. 40.4 O128400400056 138. 45.8 O128400400057 139. 36. O128400400058 140. 31.7 O128400400059 141. 27.6 O128400400060 142. 23.8 O128400400061 143. 22. O128400400062 144. 18.9 O128400400063 145. 16.2 O128400400064 146. 13.1 O128400400065 147. 10.6 O128400400066 148. 8.3 O128400400067 149. 7.2 O128400400068 150. 5.3 O128400400069 151. 4.5 O128400400070 152. 3.2 O128400400071 153. 2.5 O128400400072 154. 2. O128400400073 155. 1.4 O128400400074 156. 0.93 O128400400075 157. 0.44 O128400400076 194. 0.19 O128400400077 195. 0.7 O128400400078 204. 5. O128400400079 206. 67.5 O128400400080 207. 69.3 O128400400081 208. 149.2 O128400400082 209. 115.2 O128400400083 232. 93.8 O128400400084 ENDDATA 73 0 O128400400085 ENDSUBENT 84 0 O128400499999 SUBENT O1284005 20060302 O026O128400500001 BIB 2 2 O128400500002 REACTION (90-TH-232(P,X)MASS,,SIG) O128400500003 ERR-ANALYS (ERR-T) The overall error is estimated to be about 10%O128400500004 ENDBIB 2 0 O128400500005 COMMON 1 3 O128400500006 ERR-T O128400500007 PER-CENT O128400500008 10. O128400500009 ENDCOMMON 3 0 O128400500010 DATA 2 57 O128400500011 MASS DATA O128400500012 NO-DIM MB O128400500013 77. 4.1 O128400500014 85. 15.4 O128400500015 86. 21.4 O128400500016 87. 24.7 O128400500017 88. 24.3 O128400500018 89. 30.3 O128400500019 91. 30.9 O128400500020 93. 30.7 O128400500021 99. 41.5 O128400500022 101. 37.5 O128400500023 102. 35.7 O128400500024 103. 35.9 O128400500025 104. 33.4 O128400500026 106. 46.7 O128400500027 108. 15.6 O128400500028 109. 43.8 O128400500029 110. 28.4 O128400500030 111. 45.1 O128400500031 112. 42.8 O128400500032 113. 40.7 O128400500033 114. 43.8 O128400500034 115. 57.9 O128400500035 117. 28.2 O128400500036 118. 23.1 O128400500037 120. 14.6 O128400500038 121. 20.8 O128400500039 122. 17. O128400500040 123. 12.6 O128400500041 126. 25.7 O128400500042 128. 9.6 O128400500043 130. 26. O128400500044 133. 14.9 O128400500045 134. 15.2 O128400500046 135. 14.1 O128400500047 136. 11.3 O128400500048 137. 11.5 O128400500049 138. 12. O128400500050 139. 11.7 O128400500051 140. 8.6 O128400500052 141. 8.3 O128400500053 142. 8.1 O128400500054 143. 6. O128400500055 144. 5. O128400500056 145. 3.3 O128400500057 146. 2.4 O128400500058 147. 1.5 O128400500059 148. 0.84 O128400500060 149. 0.33 O128400500061 195. 1.7 O128400500062 197. 6.2 O128400500063 203. 7.3 O128400500064 204. 23.5 O128400500065 205. 12. O128400500066 206. 55.7 O128400500067 207. 95.6 O128400500068 208. 72.9 O128400500069 209. 94.1 O128400500070 ENDDATA 59 0 O128400500071 ENDSUBENT 70 0 O128400599999 SUBENT O1284006 20060302 O026O128400600001 BIB 2 2 O128400600002 REACTION (92-U-0(P,X)MASS,,SIG) O128400600003 ERR-ANALYS (ERR-T) The overall error is estimated to be about 10%O128400600004 ENDBIB 2 0 O128400600005 COMMON 1 3 O128400600006 ERR-T O128400600007 PER-CENT O128400600008 10. O128400600009 ENDCOMMON 3 0 O128400600010 DATA 2 55 O128400600011 MASS DATA O128400600012 NO-DIM MB O128400600013 69. 13.3 O128400600014 85. 15. O128400600015 86. 20. O128400600016 87. 56.8 O128400600017 88. 74.1 O128400600018 89. 81. O128400600019 91. 105.1 O128400600020 92. 134.2 O128400600021 93. 74.6 O128400600022 94. 123.2 O128400600023 95. 83.4 O128400600024 96. 92.6 O128400600025 97. 83.5 O128400600026 98. 78. O128400600027 99. 79.6 O128400600028 100. 80.4 O128400600029 101. 67.1 O128400600030 102. 64.6 O128400600031 103. 64.7 O128400600032 104. 57.6 O128400600033 108. 39.3 O128400600034 109. 68.8 O128400600035 110. 41.5 O128400600036 111. 63.9 O128400600037 112. 61.8 O128400600038 113. 60.3 O128400600039 114. 62.7 O128400600040 115. 76.3 O128400600041 120. 58.1 O128400600042 121. 72.7 O128400600043 122. 43.7 O128400600044 123. 41.7 O128400600045 124. 33.2 O128400600046 125. 53.2 O128400600047 130. 40.9 O128400600048 133. 34.1 O128400600049 134. 31.7 O128400600050 135. 38.1 O128400600051 136. 32.7 O128400600052 137. 35.5 O128400600053 138. 56.3 O128400600054 139. 30.1 O128400600055 140. 26.3 O128400600056 141. 14.8 O128400600057 142. 19.2 O128400600058 143. 14.5 O128400600059 144. 11.4 O128400600060 145. 9.6 O128400600061 146. 6.3 O128400600062 147. 5.2 O128400600063 204. 9.1 O128400600064 206. 64.4 O128400600065 207. 68.1 O128400600066 208. 123.4 O128400600067 209. 10.2 O128400600068 ENDDATA 57 0 O128400600069 ENDSUBENT 68 0 O128400699999 ENDENTRY 6 0 O128499999999