In the following table you can find the electronic stopping power of H ions in atomic and molecular targets, plotted versus the projectile energy. The reference codes are explained in the list of all data references, and the curve designations in the list of stopping power tables and programs. For each ion-target, you can download the graphs as images and also as origin plots, and the data as ascii files.
SINCE 2016, ALL NEW DATA ARE PLOTTED AND MADE AVAILABLE FROM THE TABLE. But previously, graphs were shown only if at least two sets of data from different publications were available for the particular ion-target combination.
If you do not find information in the table check the complete list of all compiled data and references for H ions up to 2016 here. See bottom of page for details.
To download ALL the data for stopping of Hydrogen ions in all the targets available in the table click here.
At present, graphs are available for the following atomic and molecular targets:
| Ions | Target | Graph | Files | Comments |
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H ions |
Acetylene |
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H ions |
Ag |
At low energy, stopping is proportional to v, but at 1 keV, the proportionality constant changes (see Gö13) |
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H ions |
Air |
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H ions |
Al, versus v |
Stopping is proportional to velocity |
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H ions |
Al |
Post-1990 data in red. PSS91 shows the best agreement with recent data around the maximum. SRIM13 and ICRU49 are fine but a little below the stopping maximum |
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H ions |
Al2O3 |
The large binding effect of this compound is not well described by Ziegler’s program |
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H ions |
Ar |
SRIM03 agrees well with the data, ZBL85=Z92 was too low. After including electron capture, SG11 agrees with data at the maximum. |
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H ions |
Au |
Data: a total of 70 experimental references, separated in 3 groups. A threshold for emission of 5d electrons has been found by Mk08 at 0.9 keV/nucleon. |
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H ions |
Au, versus v |
The measurements by Mk07 and Mk08 (similar to those by Fg07 for channeled ions) show a threshold effect at v = 0.19 v0. The theory byZeb12 shows a change of steepness there. |
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H ions |
B |
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H ions |
Be |
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H ions |
Bi |
Data by Kn80 added, SRIM follows the data, except Kt83b |
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H ions |
Br |
Excellent agreement between Ba84 and the SRIM03 curve for gaseous Br |
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H ions |
C amorphous |
SRIM03, ICRU49, CasP3.0, Oja14 agree well with the data. The more recent CasP5.2 appear high around the stopping maximum, closer to OS84 and data by Me80, Ny78 and Jo71. |
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H ions |
Ca |
At low energy, the Ep94a data are higher than all the semiempirical curves |
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H ions |
Cd |
Excellent agreement of SRIM03 with the scant data |
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H ions |
Ce |
The low Si72 data are apparently incorrect (see Kn80) |
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H ions |
CH4 |
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H ions |
C2H2 |
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H ions |
Cl |
Excellent agreement between SRIM03 and the only data (Ba84) |
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H ions |
Co |
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H ions |
CO2 |
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H ions |
Cr |
Good agreement of SRIM with all the data |
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H ions |
Cu Cu low energies |
The Md53, Gt 62and No75 data appear too low. Different theoretical curves, ICRU and SRIM2013 are included. |
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H ions |
Diamond |
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H ions |
Dy |
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H ions |
Ethylene |
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H ions |
Er |
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H ions |
Er2O3 |
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H ions |
Fe |
Good agreement of SRIM03 with all the data (except for Ar69) |
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H ions |
Formvar |
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H ions |
Ga |
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H ions |
GaAs |
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H ions |
GaSb |
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H ions |
Gd |
Around the maximum, ICRU49 in good agreement with recent data (Ro16), SRIM13 and previous data (Kn80, Si84) below them. |
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H ions |
Ge, versus v |
There is a clear threshold velocity |
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H ions |
Ge |
Discrepancy especially between Me82a and Ep92. But Mertens data before 1986 tend to be generally high |
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H ions |
Graphite |
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H ions |
Graphite Oxide |
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H ions |
H2 |
SRIM13 and J82 (ADNDT82) are good, different at low energies. The Cr42 data are too low |
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H ions |
H2O Phase effect (solid, liquid, gas) |
The ICRU and SRIM03 curves agree with the vapor data. The gas-solid difference of ICRU ( 13%) is close to the experimental value. The phase effect is not clear around the maximum. More data is needed, mainly for liquid water. Biological applications! |
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H ions |
H2O vapor |
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H ions |
H2O solid and liquid |
First measurements of stopping power of liquid water for protons! |
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H ions |
H2O liq. rel. |
Relative graph shows discrepancies |
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H ions |
Havar |
Excellent agreement of the data with each other and with SRIM03 |
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H ions |
He |
The two measurements Gl91 and RG01, though in mutual conflict, show a very strong threshold effect. At low energy, ICRU49 = AZ77 is too high (velocity proportional!). The theories GS93, Kim93 and Oliv94 support the Gl91 data, but not RG01. The Cab00 theory appears to support RG01, but it is too low since it considers only protons, not H atoms. |
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H ions |
Hf |
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H ions |
HfO2 |
Recent measurements (Ro17) extend the low energy limit down to 0.8 keV |
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H ions |
Hydroxy apatite |
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H ions |
In |
Excellent agreement of SRIM03 with the data |
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H ions |
Kapton (Polyimide) |
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H ions |
KCl |
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H ions |
KCl, versus v |
The new Mk09 data show an extrapolated threshold |
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H ions |
Kr |
SG11 agrees with data at the maximum, due to inclusion of electron capture |
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H ions |
La |
Only 3 sets of data (Kn80, Kt83, Si84). No data below 20 keV. |
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H ions |
Li |
Only one set of data (Ep95) around the maximum. No data below 10 keV. Large differences among theoretical curves. |
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H ions |
LiF |
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H ions |
LiF, versus v |
The new Mk09 data show a stopping power threshold at v = 0.1 a.u. (250 eV/u) |
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H ions |
LR-115 |
Cellulose Nitrate Nuclear Track Detector |
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H ions |
Methane |
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H ions |
Mg |
The large gas-solid difference found by Bauer et al is not described by Ziegler’s program SRIM |
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H ions |
Mn |
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H ions |
Mo |
SRIM13 describes the data, except Iz80 (stopping maximum) |
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H ions |
Mylar |
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H ions |
N2 |
The low points due to B82a are for solid N2 |
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H ions |
Nb |
The Bh73 data appear too low compared to Si84, Bi86, and SRIM03 is too high |
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H ions |
Ne |
CasP5.0 is too low, but SG11 agrees with data at the maximum, due to inclusion of electron capture |
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H ions |
Ni |
The recent low energy data (Mo02) confirm the tendency of previous ones (Me82a,Se86a). Old values Ar69 are too high. |
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H ions |
O2 |
Excellent agreement between all data and SRIM |
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H ions |
Pb |
At low energy, the Ep92 data look unusual, but the Mont09a curve is close to them. |
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H ions |
Pd |
Excellent agreement of SRIM03 with the scant data |
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H ions |
Polycarbonate |
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H ions |
Polyethylene |
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H ions |
Polypropylene |
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H ions |
Polystyrene |
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H ions |
Polyvinyltoluene |
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H ions |
Propylene |
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H ions |
Pt |
ICRU49 agrees with Pr12, and is higher than SRIM13. At low energy, stopping is proportional to velocity (Gö13, Cel15) |
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H ions |
Rb |
SRIM03 agrees very well with Ep94b; earlier curves are too low |
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H ions |
Sb |
Excellent agreement of SRIM03 with the data |
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H ions |
Sc |
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H ions |
Se |
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H ions |
Si |
The Ar69 and Gm76 data appear too low. Little dispersion among post-1990 data (in red in the figure). |
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H ions |
SiC |
Data by Lns14 are the only ones around the stopping maximum. Good agreement with the theoretical curve HA05a, but not with SRIM2013. |
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H ions |
SiO2 |
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H ions |
SiO2, versus v |
The Mk09a data show a threshold at low velocity |
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H ions |
Sn |
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H ions |
Sr |
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H ions |
SrTiO3 |
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H ions |
Ta |
The Si72 data at high energies is too low. |
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H ions |
Ta, versus v |
Data by Ro17 show different tendency at low energies, higher density free electron gas than expected? |
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H ions |
Ta2O5 |
SRIM nicely describes the low energy data (Ro17), the first values reported for this system |
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H ions |
Ti |
Recent data (Bro16) agree well with SRIM13 around the maximum |
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H ions |
TiN |
SRIM13 with and without compound correction included, also DFT values in Sor17 (low energies) |
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H ions |
TiO2 |
The new data by Bro16 covers the stopping maximum. Differences with SRIM (Bragg rule) and good agreement with SLPA and MELF-GOS considering the molecular target (in Li14) |
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H ions |
U |
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H ions |
V |
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H ions |
VO2 |
Only one set of data (Ro17). The agreement of SRIM is good for energies 3-10 keV |
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H ions |
W |
Excellent agreement of SRIM03 with the data |
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H ions |
Xe |
Excellent agreement of SRIM03 with the data; ICRU49 fits less well at 2 MeV |
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H ions |
Y |
At the maximum, all the curves are below the data |
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H ions |
Yb |
The low Si72 data are apparently incorrect (see Kn80) |
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H ions |
Zn |
The large gas-solid difference found by Bauer et al is not described by Ziegler’s SRIM code |
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H ions |
Zn, versus v |
Low energy figure and data |
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H ions |
ZnO |
SRIM and the theoretical models CasP5.2 and SLPA disagree around the stopping maximum. No available data in this region. SRIM overestimates the low energy data (Ro17) |
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H ions |
ZnSiP2 |
Only one set of data (Kh84), very good agreement of SRIM13 |
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H ions |
Zr |
Excellent agreement between SRIM an the scant data |
Since 2016 all data has figure and link to data values in the table. The list of data for hydrogen ions previous to 2016 can be downloaded here.
In this list, every line corresponds to one data file. The targets are ordered alphabetically. The headings in the list have the following meaning:
| M | Mass Number of Projectile |
| Eq. Energy | Equivalent Proton Energy, i.e., energy of a proton of equal speed |
| Error | Error in percent. "e" means estimate. |
| Ref. | Reference Code, see list of all data references |
| Meas. | Number of measurement within the publication (you don’t need that!)/p> |
| Method | Method of measurement according to classification by Paul, Semrad and Seilinger, Table 5 |
| Ag. | State of aggregation (s: solid; g: gaseous). G: graphite (as opposed to amorphous carbon) |
| File | File designation: the file name Al.005, e.g., means file number 5 for hydrogen ions on Al. |
See also: H. Paul et al, Reference stopping cross sections for hydrogen and helium ions in selected elements, Nucl. Instr. Methods in Phys. Res. B61 (1991) 261.